The 'refugee crisis' in Europe: Shortening Distances, Containment and Asymmetry of Rights - a Tentative Interpretation of the 2015-16 Events

Abstract

This article analyses the recent growth in asylum applications both in and at the borders of Europe. It enriches the scholarship on the so-called 'refugee crisis' with an emphasis on structural transformations and geographical processes. While an increase in regional violence near Europe in 2015 played a key role in triggering displacements, we suggest three longer-term factors that may have facilitated access to European borders but led to urgent and often dangerous migratory situations for asylum seekers: the 'shortening' of distances, the crisis of containment policies and the geographic asymmetry of rights. On this basis, we interpret the EU policy of closing borders as an attempt to (re)create a geographic buffer separating refugees from their destinations in the context of the globalization of asylum-related issues.