Antibacterial Activity of Pistacia atlantica extracts on Streptococcus mutans biofilm

Abstract

One of the important virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans is their ability to form biofilms known as dental plaque on tooth surfaces. Recently, mastic gum has raised interest in medicine as the public is more aware of the potential hazardous side effects of conventional medications. To determine antibacterial activity of mastic gum (resin of Pistacia atlantica) against the Streptococcus mutans strains, the total numbers of viable bacteria were formed biofilm on polystyrene micro plates with THB medium and 5% sucrose. The extracte of Pistacia atlantica resin was obtained from hydrodistillation with diethylether. The concentrations of 10% to 100% of essential oil were prepared. The levels of total cultivated bacteria were measured before and after increasing the extracts of P. atlantica resin. Detrmination of MIC was showed antibacterial activity of extracts of P. atlantica. In order after increasing the extracts of mastic gum 60% and up for 60, 10 and 1 minutes, a significant decrease of total bacteria was observed . The reduction in bacteria was not significant in concentrates of 10% to 30% at 1 minute incubation. The results show that the extracts of P. atlantica resin decreased the total viable S. mutans biofilms. . In this work, the chemical composition of extracted resin was studied by GC-MS, and the majority of their components was identified. β -pinene (70 %), α - copaene (76%) and α - terpinolene (86%)were found to be the major components. Extracts of P. atlantica resin has an antibacterial activity against S mutans and may be useful for maintaining oral hygiene during dental injuries treatment. Keywords: