Mucormycosis revisited: Case report with review of literature

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections caused by the members of Mucoromycotina (mucormycosis) are relatively rare but have increased in the last years. These aggressive and highly destructive infections fail to induce disease in most immunocompetent persons but can do so in those with impaired host defenses. Compared to other fungal pathogens, such as Aspergillus fumigatus or Candida albicans, only little is known so far on the fungal properties leading to successful infection and host immune response to the various representatives of the Mucorales. This article explains the new nomenclature, clinical manifestations, risk factors and focuses on virulence traits associated with mucormycosis. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can reduce the mortality and morbidity of this lethal fungal infection.