A Pharmacokinetic Profile and Antihyperlipidemic Effectiveness of Nanoemulsion and Ethanol Extract from Parang Romang Leaves (Boehmeria virgata)

Abstract

Background: Parang Romang has an antihyperlipidemic effect, but the use of herbs has limitations with poor solubility in water, causing failure in the clinical phase due to low bioavailability. Bioavailability can be increased with nanotechnology, one of which is nanoemulsion. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic profile and effectiveness of antihyperlipidemic from nanoemulsion preparation and ethanol extract from parang romang leaves. Methods: Pharmacokinetic study with 10 rats each given 100 mg/kg BW of nanoemulsion and ethanol extract from parang romang leaves. The blood was taken at 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5; 4 hours to measure tmax, Cpmax, and AUC. Study of antihyperlipidemic with 30 rats divided into 5 groups with normal control group I which was given Na CMC suspension, group II negative control given high fat feed + streptozotocin, group III positive control given high fat feed + streptozotocin & simvastatin 0.9 mg/ kg BW, group IV was given high fat feed + streptozotocin + ethanol extract of parang romang leaves 100 mg/kg BW and group V was given  high fat feed + streptozotocin + nanoemulsion of ethanol extract of parang romang 100 mg/kg BW, Then blood was taken on day 0,14,21, 28 and 35. Results: The results of the pharmacokinetic profile test showed that the values ​​of tmax, Cpmax, and AUC for nanoemulsions and extract  were respectively;  0.5 hours, 96.68 g/ml and 297.57 and 1-hour, 15.44 g/ml and 93.53 and The statistical  results obtained a significant value (P < 0,05 ) which showed a significant effect between nanoemulsion and ethanol extract  from parang romang to reduce cholesterol levels Conclusions: There are differences in pharmacokinetic profile and antihyperlipidemic effectiveness between nanoemulsion preparations and  ethanol extracts from parang roman leaves.