Barriers and factors associated with pressure injury prevention practice among nurses working in northern oromia government hospitals in Ethiopia: a cross sectional study design, 2019

Abstract

Objective: This study assessed nurses’ pressure injury prevention practices, barriers and associated Factors at Northern Oromia Hospitals in Ethiopia 2019. Background: Pressure injuries occur in patients both in acute and chronic care settings and place a considerable burden on patients, caregivers, and the health-care system. Pressure injuries are one of the most costly and physically incapacitating problems, contributing to disability and death by prolonging the time of illness, recovery, and hospitalization. Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was done among 215 nurses in North Shewa Zone Hospitals in Oromia Region, Ethiopia from January 1, 2019 to February 30, 2019. Epi data version 3.1 was used to enter data, which was then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Significant determinants for nurses' pressure injury prevention practice were identified using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. Results: 215 nurses, out of 230 study participants were responded to the questionnaires making 93.5% response rate. The magnitude of nurses’ pressure injury prevention practice was found to be 43.7% and level of education, AOR 2.075 (95% CI, 1.143-3.765), knowledge, AOR 2.484 (95% CI, 1.303-4.737), training, AOR 2.498 (95% CI, 1.342-4.648), Nurses to patients ratio, AOR 2.306 (95% CI, 1.242-4.281), work experience AOR 1.842 (1.00-3.394) and satisfaction with nursing leadership, AOR 2.395 (95% CL, 1.259-4.554) were determinants of pressure injury prevention practice. Lack of institutional policy and presences of other priorities other than pressure injury were the common barriers for implementing pressure injury prevention practice. Conclusions: In this study the majority of nurses had poor practice towards pressure injury prevention. Education, knowledge, training, Nurses to patients ratio, work experience and satisfaction with nursing leadership were factors affecting pressure injury prevention practice of nurses. Recommendations: Implementing strategies that improve pressure injury knowledge, providing on job training, increased educational levels, allocating appropriate nurse-to-patient ratios and encouraging nursing leadership help to improve nurses’ pressure injury prevention practice.