Neonatal Seizures and Inborn Errors of Metabolism: An Update

Abstract

Early identification of an underlying inborn error of metabolism in newborns with otherwise unexplained seizures may address appropriate disease-specific treatment and provide important tools about the choice of the antiepileptic drugs. Neonatal seizures usually present as prolonged or recurrent, often configuring epileptic status. Striking features of an underlying metabolic disorder include abnormal neurological examination, lethargy and/ or symptoms of acute decompensation. Ex adiuvantibus, trial with intravenous pyridoxine administration could be attempted in refractory unexplained neonatal seizures. Peculiar EEG patterns such as Suppression Burst may address diagnosis and laboratory work-up being most frequently associated to specific metabolic disorders.