A multi-object detection method for building fire warnings through artificial intelligence generated content

Abstract

Timely fire warnings are crucial for minimizing casualties during building fires. In this paper, a multi-object detection method through artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) is proposed to improve building fire warning capability. First, an AIGC workflow of dataset construction on building fire images is designed, to overcome the limitation due to a serious lack of real building fire images. Validation experiments demonstrate that the detection accuracy of the model trained on the AIGC dataset is only 1.6% lower than that of the model trained on the real image dataset. Subsequently, a multi-object detection model is developed to enhance its feature capture capability, by incorporating the MLCA mechanism into its backbone and replacing the feature fusion layer in its neck. The developed model can detect the flame and smoke of building fires with an accuracy of 95.7%. Finally, the case study involving three real fire incidents demonstrates that the proposed method can detect fires within 2s since the fire starting, which achieves an improvement of at least 6.5 times in the fire warning efficiency compared to the traditional fire alarms. Therefore, the proposed method can deliver timely fire warnings for the evacuation and rescue efforts during building fires.