Relationship between sprint running movement and velocity at full speed phase during a 100m race

Abstract

The present study was desi 尠 ed to jnvestigate the 短 nemadc factors related tD spr 血 t ning ve ・ locity ． The subjects were 71 sprinters （ 49 males and 22 females ） who ranged from wo 了】 d class to col ・ legiate ］ evel ． Movements were recorded around the 60 − m point froπ 1 thestart line dur ｛ ng a 10 一 m race （ during ofBcial races including wor 】 d championships in athletics ， or under exper ental conditions ） using 16 − ml コ mDvie or video cameras ． The o 缶 clal best time during recording of the movements was 9． 86． The correlation cDef 五cients between kinematic data （ see Fig ．1）and sphnt running velocity were c創 culated for three groups （ male ， female ， a 皿 d aU sprinters ）． Step length and step length index （ step lerlgth ／ body height to exc ｝ ude the effects of body height 〕were correlated positively and sig ・ nificantly with sp 血 t ning ve1 。city fer all groups （ male ， female ， and all sprlnters ） ． Step frequency and sしep frequency index ［ step frequency ・ （ body height！ gravitatiDna ユacceleration ） L／ 2 to exclude the effectS of body height〕were correlated positively and sign 西 cantly with sprint running velocity for aU groups except male sphnters with regard to step frequency ． With regard to leg swing ， maximal thigh angle and maXimal leg angle showed no signi 且cant correlation w 油 sprint running velocity ， bu ヒthe 寵 n a1 ee angle showed a si 即 i五cant negative co α elatlo 繭 th sphnt ning velocity for both male and all sp 血 ters． These results suggest that the purpose of h 三 gh ee driUs generally carhed out during training needs t〔 ） be reconsidered ． The maximal leg し Quch down velocity showed a signifi （nnt posltive correlation with sprint mnning velocity for both female and all sprinters ， This probably means that the leg touch down velocity acts to reduce the deceleration at the moment of foot contact andto accelerate the sロ bsequent leg swing back velocity duhng the foot contact phase ． As for the sup − port leg ， the rnaximal leg ssving ve ｝ oc 三 ty showed a slgn 三 ficant positive correlatlon utith sprint nlnning vdocity for all groups ． A1ヒhough the maximal hip extension ve1 ity during the foot contact phase was correla し ed posi 蚯vely and sign 述 cantly with spr 血 t running ve1Dcity for ma 玉 e spr ｛ nters ， the maximal