Evaluation of Anxiety Symptoms and Sleep Quality among Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography

Abstract

Patients with cardiovascular disorders often experience poor sleep quality and heightened anxiety. Coronary Angiography (CAG), an invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions, can further impact anxiety levels and sleep quality. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety symptoms in patients undergoing CAG. This cross-sectional study included 218 patients undergoing CAG in Shahroud, Iran. Data collection tools included the demographic profile form, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaires, and the Saint Mary's Hospital Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SMHSQ). The participants were evaluated in the morning and before the angiography. The data were collected through self-reporting using online questionnaires and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (multivariate linear regression analysis). The average age of the patients was 60.76 ± 10.55. About half of the subjects reported severe anxiety symptoms and moderate sleep disturbance. Sleep disorder had a significant and direct relationship with the level of anxiety symptoms. Also, variables such as younger age, female gender, lack of secondary support, and lack of health insurance coverage were recognized as factors of higher anxiety (P < .05). The high prevalence of sleep disorders and anxiety symptoms in patients awaiting CAG can adversely affect their clinical outcomes. Therefore, implementing strategies to enhance sleep hygiene and alleviate psychological distress is essential, ideally through the collaborative efforts of a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals.