Molecular epidemiology of drug resistance and transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Meigu County, Sichuan Province, China

Abstract

This study provided a critically important investigation into the molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Meigu County, a remote and high-burden region in Sichuan Province, China. By combining DNA microarray chip technology and whole-genome sequencing, the researchers characterized the genetic makeup, drug resistance patterns, and transmission dynamics of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating in this underserved community. They identified specific mutations responsible for resistance to key anti-tuberculosis drugs and revealed ongoing local transmission through genomic clustering analysis. The findings highlighted the urgent need for improved public health interventions, standardized treatment protocols, and enhanced genomic surveillance in regions with limited healthcare resources. This work offered the comprehensive genomic insight into tuberculosis transmission in Meigu County and served as a model for understanding and combating drug-resistant tuberculosis in other high-incidence, economically disadvantaged areas worldwide.