DIGITAL LITERACY, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND FAKE NEWS: PERCEPTIONS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Abstract

Digital transformation, associated with both infrastructures and the proliferation of connected devices among the population, along with the digitalization of information, has given rise to global phenomena of great concern, such as fake news. The international community has responded to this concern through various measures, reports, declarations, and projects aimed at mitigating the damage caused. However, the responsibility of educational institutions in addressing this issue remains an unresolved challenge. Our research aims to identify the shortcomings among university students and propose an efficient and effective digital literacy program. A mixed quantitative and qualitative methodology was employed to address the research questions presented to a sample of 435 university students. Results reveal significant differences between undergraduate and postgraduate students. These differences are evident in their perception of the importance of digital identity and their awareness towards fake news, as well as their educational deficits. It also highlights the role they attribute to networks in giving citizens a voice. Given the lack of awareness of important aspects related to digital identity, the consumption of information on networks and fake news, the urgency of the need for educational intervention is expressed.