Intraoral scanners in dentistry: Principles, workflow, and clinical applications-A comprehensive review

Abstract

Intraoral scanners (IOSs) have transformed digital dentistry by enabling accurate, real-time capture of intraoral structures, enhancing patient comfort, reducing clinical time, and minimizing infection risks. Their clinical utility spans prosthodontics, implantology, orthodontics, periodontics, endodontics and pedodontics. Advanced IOS systems now integrate caries detection tools, soft-tissue analysis, and AI-driven tooth segmentation, expanding their diagnostic and planning capabilities. While institutional adoption is limited by data integration challenges, IOSs continue to evolve into multifunctional platforms that optimize dental care delivery and patient communication.