Under the Hood – Decoding Musculoskeletal Health among Vehicle Mechanics in Urban Mumbai: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a significant cause of ill health among working populations. Vehicle repair mechanics are at high risk due to their work nature. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, pattern, and severity of musculoskeletal disorders among automotive repair mechanics in Mumbai, India, and to analyze associated postural risks. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 423 garage mechanics in Mumbai. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Postural risks were analyzed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) scale. Joint angles were measured using Kinovea software. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed. Results: Among 423 mechanics, 23 (5.4%) reported pain, primarily in the lower back (26.1%) and knees (34.8%). The median age was 29 years (IQR: 9). Most mechanics worked 10–12 h daily (51.1%), 7 days a week (70.4%). REBA scores were significantly correlated with trunk posture (r = 0.645, P = 0.001) and Score A (r = 0.85, P < 0.001). Lower back pain showed a positive correlation with REBA scores (r = 0.050, P = 0.819). Conclusions: The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among vehicle repair mechanics in this sample was relatively low. However, those who reported pain primarily experienced lower back and knee pain. Postural risks, particularly trunk posture, were significantly associated with overall ergonomic risk.