A Novel Plastic-Crystal Electrolyte with Fast Ion-Transport Channels for Solid Zinc-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Miniaturized solid zinc-ion batteries that are safe, environmentally friendly, and low-cost are ideal candidates for powering emerging microelectronics. However, sluggish Zn2+ mobility in solid phases hampers the viability of solid Zn2+ electrolytes and hence their practicability. Here, nanoscale Zn2+ channels are successfully engineered in a plastic-crystal electrolyte, thus activating fast Zn2+ solid-state transport. The ion-dipole interaction exerted by water molecules orients amphiphilic anions in bilayers, further forming a layered architecture backed by long-range van der Waals attractive forces. In the interlayer, the heteroleptic coordination contributed by the water molecule and anion frees the Zn2+ from anionic traps, leading to a high Zn2+ conductivity of 2.2 × 10−3 S cm−1. This elaborately tailored texture confers a combination of robust mechanical characteristics and outstanding electrochemical performance upon the resultant electrolyte. The applicability is demonstrated by the high Zn2+ platting/stripping efficiency (99.6%), durable longevity of symmetric Zn-Zn and Zn-MnO2 cells, as well as the engineering of versatile micro batteries (MBs). This work provides new perspectives for developing super multivalent ion conductors through the innovative design of ion-conducting nanochannels.