Fractional Order Mathematical Model for Predicting and Controlling Dengue Fever Spread Based on Awareness Dynamics

Abstract

Dengue fever (DF) is considered one of the most rapidly spreading infectious diseases, which is primarily transmitted to humans by bites from infected Aedes mosquitoes. The current investigation considers the spread patterns of dengue disease with and without host population awareness. It is assumed that some individuals decrease their contact with infected mosquitoes by adopting precautionary behaviors due to their awareness of the disease. Certain susceptible groups actively prevent mosquito bites, and a few infected are isolated to reduce further infections. The basic reproduction number and population dynamics are modeled by a system of fractional-order differential equations. The system of equations is solved using the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) since it converges rapidly to the exact solution and can give explicit analytical solutions. Solutions derived are analyzed and plotted for different fractional orders, providing useful insights into population dynamics and contributing to a better understanding of the initiation and control of disease.