Effect of Tele-nursing -Based Self-management Program on Cardiac Self-efficacy and Heart Health Indexes among Myocardial Infarction Patients

Abstract

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common type of CAD and defined as ischemic necrosis of cardiac muscle that occurs when the heart's perfusion is suddenly reduced due to occlusion of a coronary artery that is already narrowed by atherosclerosis Aim: This study aimed to examine the effect of tele-nursing-based self-management program on cardiac self-efficacy and heart health indexes in MI Patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre/posttest design included a purposive sample of sixty MI inpatients at the cardiology department scheduled for discharged, attending outpatient's follow-up visits of Mansoura University Hospitals. The participants received the telenursing-based self-management program, which included a 45-minute face-to face education session in the first visit to outpatient. Thereafter, telephone follow up call twice a week and six text messages were sent weekly for the patients. Sessions were performed for 12 weeks with an average call duration of 15 minutes. Data were collected before and after 12 weeks of telenursing using cardiac self-efficacy scale and heart health indexes. Data were statistically analyzed using Paired t-test and Wilcoxon test using the SPSS version 26. Results: The studied patients showed statistically significant differences in mean scores of cardiac self-efficacy and heart health indexes after 3 months of telenursing where p<0.001. Conclusion: Telenursing-based self-management program is a convenient way, cost effective strategy in improving cardiac self-efficacy and heart health indexes of MI patients in developing countries as Egypt. Relevance to practice: Because of the reliability, availability, and low cost of a telenursing based self-management program, this technique can be incorporated into the care and follow-up of patients with myocardial infarction who have been discharged from the hospital.