MgLA, a small GTPase, interacts with a tyrosine kinase to control type IV pili-mediated motility and development of Myxococcus xanthus

Abstract

The mglA gene encodes a 22 kDa GTPase that is critical for single-cell (A) gliding, type IV pili-mediated (S) gliding and development of Myxococcus xanthus. To identify components that interact with MglA to control these processes, second-site mutations that restore movement to non-motile mglA mutants were sought. An allele-specific extragenic suppressor of mglA8, named mas815 (mglA8 suppressor 15), was obtained. mas815 does not bypass the requirement for MglA, yet it restores type IV pili-mediated motility and starvation-induced development. Single-cell (A) motility is not restored. The suppressing mutation maps to the 3′ end of a gene, masK, in an operon immediately upstream of the mglBA operon. mask encodes a protein of the STY kinase family. When the masK gene was used as bait against a library carrying M. xanthus DNA in the yeast two-hybrid system, eight positive, independent clones containing fusions of mglA to GAL4 were obtained, thus confirming the interaction between MglA and MasK. MasK, expressed in Escherichia coli, was shown to phosphorylate at a tyrosine residue(s). The gain-of-function in the masK815 mutant was correlated with increased production of extracellular fibrils, which are required for adhesion, cell-cell contact and sensing phosphatidylethanolamine chemoattractants. These data suggest that the interaction between Mask and MglA is an essential part of a signal transduction pathway controlling motility and development.