PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRIC BUSES

Abstract

The depletion of fossil resources, energy dependence, rise in fuel prices, and environmental issues caused by fossil fuel vehicles, combined with advancements in battery technology and manufacturing processes, have accelerated the transition to electric vehicles. Evidence indicates that electric buses play an important role in public transportation if we are to reduce climate change and the environmental effects of fossil fuels. Several electric alternatives are currently operational, and the debate about which is the best is generating a lot of interest. This article examines the different performance characteristics of three types of electric buses: hybrid, fuel cell, and battery. Based on simulation models and operational data provided by various scholars in various contexts, the economic, operational, energy, and environmental characteristics of each technology are examined in depth. The study creates a systematic evaluation of electric buses based on a side-by-side analysis of 16 features that help people make better decisions. According to the report, the selection of electric technology is highly dependent on the operational background and energy profile. Furthermore, it emphasizes that hybrid buses would not have a substantial reduction in GHG emissions and are only ideal for short-term goals as a stepping stone toward complete electrification of transportation. While battery and fuel cell buses are arguably capable of meeting current operational needs, the initial investment is still a significant barrier. Given the anticipated advances in battery technology and the trend to use renewable sources in power generation, the Overnight Battery Electric Bus is advocated as the most appropriate option for bus transit contexts given the expected improvements in battery technology and the trend to utilize sustainable sources in electricity generation.