Phytochemical profile of stem bark extracts of Khaya senegalensis by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis

Abstract

The phytochemical constituents of stem bark extracts of Khaya senegalensis were isolated and analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). A shade-dried stem bark of K. senegalensis was extracted using methanol and water as solvents. The main chemical compositions of the extracts were analyzed by GC-MS and preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed to confirm the various classes of active chemical. The chemical composition of methanolic stem bark extract of K. senegalensis included: 4-Hepten-3-one, 2, 6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid, and 11-Octadecenoic acid. Others are 9–Hexadecenoic acid, Stearic acid, I, E-11, Z-13-Octadecatriene, Cyclododecyne, Hexadecanoic acid, Ricinoleic acid, 13-Decosenoic acid, and 9-Hexadecenal. The Chemical composition of aqueous stem bark extract of K. senegalensis included 1, 2, 3-benzenetriol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, (Z)6,(Z)9-pentadecadeien-1-ol, 1,E-11,Z-13-octadecatriene, and 1-flourodecane. Other chemical constituents of the aqueous extract included 9-octadecanal, E-9-tetradecanal, and 2-methyl-Z, Z-3, 13-octadecadienol. The molecular weight of these compounds ranged from low to high with carbon skeleton of between C7 and C37. Both aromatic and aliphatic compounds were identified. K. senegalensis contains alkaloid, saponin, tannins and flavonoids. A good number of bioactive compounds were present in the stem bark of K. senegalensis.   Key words: Aqueous extracts, metanolic extracts, GC-MS analysis, Khaya senegalensis, phytochemical profile.