Tinjauan Hukum Pers pada Isi Berita Kriminal di Surat Kabar Kedaulatan Rakyat

Abstract

Berita sebagai produk pers merupakan cuplikan peristiwa dari lapangan yang disajikan dalam realitas media dengan bersandarkan pada kebijakan redaksi. Masalah timbul ketika berita yang dimuat tidak sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 1999 tentang Pers karena menonjolkan hiburan daripada sebagai sumber informasi yang dapat menunjang penegakan hukum. Akibatnya timbul keresahan dalam masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meninjau aspek normatif isi berita kriminal di surat kabar. Sampelnya dari berita Kedaulatan Rakyat terbitan 1 Mei 2023 sampai 31 Mei 2023. Metode penelitiannya adalah pendekatan hukum normatif dan analisis isi kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kedaulatan Rakyat bersifat hiburan sehingga kategori seni, budaya, olah raga dan hiburan mendominasi. Untungnya, berita hukum mendapatkan porsi yang tidak terlalu kecil. Kategori kriminal mendominasi berita hukum.  Kategori penganiayaan, pembunuhan, senjata tajam dan senjata api menjadi perhatian utama dari berita kriminal. Sebagai sumber berita kriminal, Kepolisian dipilih sebagai narasumber utama. Kementerian Hukum dan HAM sebagai badan publik sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 hanya mendapatkan porsi kecil dalam berita kriminal.The press has a role in realizing the rule of law. However, the press on the other hand is an economic institution. As a result, they are required to provide entertainment news that is more attractive to the public. Legal news is broadcasted in an entertainment style. In the end there were many violations in the rules of news writing in accordance with the Press Law and the Journalistic Code of Ethics. The purpose of this study is to find out how criminal reporting in Kedaulatan Rakyat is from the perspective of press law and to find out the level of importance of criminal news and the proportion of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights as a source of criminal news. The research method used is sociolegal approach. Data analysis with quantitative methods. The sample is the Kedaulatan Rakyat news published from 1 May 2023 to 31 May 2023. As a result, the Kedaulatan Rakyat news is generally in the entertainment genre. Fortunately, crime news has not fallen to the bottom, so it is still proportional as a facilitator of law enforcement. The dominant source is the Police. The Ministry of Law and Human Rights is disproportionate as a source of criminal news. It can be seen that criminal news broadcasts violate the principle of the presumption of innocence. There are 21.37 percent of the photos, 50.38 percent of the names and 17.56 addresses of the perpetrators of the crime that are clearly stated. Broadcasting of crimes related to children with 20 percent photos of child perpetrators clearly visible. The most ideal is reports on victims of sexual crimes that are not broadcast clearly at all.