Analysis of Resistance in Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) Detectors for Natural Gas Pipelines

Abstract

This study systematically explores the sources and influencing factors of resistance encountered by magnetic flux leakage (MFL) detectors in natural gas pipelines through a theoretical analysis, experimental investigation, and numerical simulation. The research methodology involves the development of a fluid–structure interaction model using ABAQUS 2023 finite element software, complemented by the design and implementation of a pull-testing platform for MFL detectors. This platform simulates detector operation under various interference conditions and quantifies the resulting frictional resistance. The findings reveal that the primary source of frictional resistance is the contact interaction between the MFL detector and the pipeline wall. Key factors influencing the magnitude of this resistance include the detector’s mass, the structural design and materials of the sealing cups and support plates, as well as the surface roughness of the pipeline. Both experimental results and numerical simulations demonstrate a pronounced increase in frictional resistance with heightened interference levels. The theoretical model exhibits strong agreement with experimental data, though deviations are observed under conditions of severe interference. This study provides a detailed understanding of frictional resistance patterns under diverse structural and operational scenarios, offering both theoretical guidance and practical recommendations for the design of low-resistance MFL detectors.