RISK FACTORS AND PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG RESIDENTS OF LAGOS, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study investigated the type 1 and type 2 diabetes risk factors and prevalence among residents of Ikorodu Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. This research was a cross-sectional study involving Ehi, Pharcept and Divine Intervention Medical centers. The demographics of 106 patients living with diabetes were collected and analyzed to characterize people living with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) in Ikorodu LGA. Written ethical approval was obtained from the health facilities visited.  Administrative personnel in the health facilities assisted with the medical files of participants. Participants were interviewed and their consent was sought. Cronbach Alpha value of 0.79 was obtained for the questionnaire’s reliability. Filled copies of questionnaires were collected and analyzed using frequency, percentages and regression analysis. The results showed the prevalence of diabetes in the study area increased with age and diet was the most risk factor. No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of diabetes in men and women with a P-value of 0.195. The study revealed that persons with T1DM and T2DM were predominantly between ages 41 and 60, although they were mostly middle class, non-smokers and Christians. Unhealthy diets (eating mostly carbohydrates) devoid of vegetables and proteins should be avoided by urban dwellers for good quality health; as revealed in the study that diet posed a key risk factor, especially for T2DM. The study recommends intensive efforts by healthcare professionals and stakeholders to put in place structured diabetes care and prevention program for residents.