Sustainable functional urethral reconstruction improves early urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of sustainable functional urethral reconstruction (SFUR) on early recovery of urinary continence (UC) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Patients and Methods: Overall, 96 patients with primary prostate cancer were randomised into the SFUR or standard group (n = 48 each). The primary outcome was the 1-month UC recovery. Secondary outcomes included short-term (≤3 months) UC recovery, urinary function, micturition-related bother, perioperative complications, and oncological outcomes. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the 3-month UC recovery. Generalised estimating equations were used to compare postoperative urinary function and micturition-related bother. Results: The 1-month UC recovery rates, median 24-h pad weights, and median operative time in the SFUR and standard groups were 73% and 49% (P = 0.017), 0 and 47 g (P = 0.001), and 125 and 103 min (P = 0.025), respectively. The UC recovery rates in the SFUR vs standard groups were 53% vs 23% at 1 week (P = 0.003), 53% vs 32% at 2 weeks (P = 0.038), and 93% vs 77% at 3 months (P = 0.025). The median time to UC recovery in the SFUR and standard groups was 5 and 34 days, respectively (log-rank P = 0.006); multivariable Cox regression supported this result (hazard ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval 1.08–2.79, P = 0.024). Similar results were observed when UC was defined as 0 pads/day. Urinary function (P = 0.2) and micturition-related bother (P = 0.8) were similar at all follow-up intervals. The perioperative complication rates, positive surgical margin rates, and 1-year biochemical recurrence-free survival were comparable between both groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: SFUR resulted in earlier UC recovery without compromising postoperative urinary function. Long-term validation and multicentre studies are required to confirm the results of this novel technique.