Oral and Intra-nasal Administration of Nanoparticles in the Cerebral Ischemia Treatment in Animal Experiments: Considering its Advantages and Disadvantages

Abstract

BACKGROUND Over the past few decades, nanotechnology has dramatically advanced; from the precise strategies of synthesizing modern nanostructures to methods of entry into the body. Using nanotechnology in diagnosis, drug delivery, determining signaling pathways and tissue engineering is the great hope for the treatment of stroke. The drug-carrying nanoparticles are a way to increase drug absorption through the mouth or nose in the treatment of stroke. OBJECTIVE In this article, while explaining the Pros and Cons of oral and intranasal administration of nanoparticles in brain ischemia treatment, introducing the articles in this field and briefly mention their work outcomes. METHOD A number of relevant published articles 183 were initially collected from three popular databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Those articles that were not closely related to the main purpose of the present work removed from the study process. The present dataset finally included 119 published articles. RESULTS Direct delivery of the drug to the brain through the mouth and nose provides more effective therapeutic effects than systemic delivery of drugs. the strategy of adding drugs to nanoparticles complex can potentially improve the direct delivery of drugs to CNS. CONCLUSION Despite the limitations of oral and intranasal routes, the therapeutic potential of oral and intranasal administration of Nano-medicines is high in cerebral ischemia treatment.