High frequency oscillatory ventilation in infants with increased intra- abdominal pressure

Abstract

Aims - To describe the short term effect of high frequency oscillatory ventilation on infants with severe abdominal distension who could not be conventionally ventilated. Methods - Eight infants (25 to 38 gestational weeks, birthweight 600-3200 g, postnatal age 1 to 190 days) with a variety of intra-abdominal pathologies, resulting in severe abdominal distension and failure of conventional ventilation, were studied. Results - The oxygenation status of all infants significantly improved within an hour of changing from conventional to high frequency oscillatory, ventilation. Infants who were hypercapneic on conventional ventilation also showed a reduction in PaCO2. As a group, the mean (SD) PaO2/FIO2 improved from 4.99 (0.98) kpa to 11.55 (3.8) kpa (P = 0.002), and the PaCO2 from 6.48 (2.12) kpa to 4.89 (1.22) kpa (P = 0.028). These improvements were sustained throughout the next 48 hours. Conclusion - High frequency oscillatory ventilation seems to be an effective rescue measure for infants with respiratory failure secondary to increased intraabdominal pressure.