Parochial Versus Universal Cooperation: Introducing a Novel Economic Game of Within- and Between-Group Interaction

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Abstract

Engaging in personally costly within-group cooperation benefits one’s in-group members but also impacts other groups by benefiting, neglecting, or harming out-group members, leading to a range of potential consequences for between-group relations (e.g., collaboration vs. competition). We introduce the Intergroup Parochial and Universal Cooperation (IPUC) game to investigate the prevalence of the individual preferences underlying these different expressions of within-group cooperation: universalism, weak parochialism, and strong parochialism. In two online experiments with natural groups, we show that the IPUC has value beyond existing economic games in measuring these preferences separately. In a third experiment conducted in the lab, we show how dispositional measures traditionally associated with within- and between-group cooperation, that is, social value orientation, social dominance orientation, honesty-humility, and empathic concern, predict different preferences. Thus, the IPUC provides a tool to better understand within- and between-group interactions and to test interventions to overcome intergroup conflict.

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Aaldering, H., & Böhm, R. (2020). Parochial Versus Universal Cooperation: Introducing a Novel Economic Game of Within- and Between-Group Interaction. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 11(1), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550619841627

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