Factors influencing the acceptance of using generative AI to support English language learning among university students: a case study in Vietnam

Abstract

This study investigates factors influencing Vietnamese university students’ acceptance of generative AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini) in English learning. Using a mixed methods design and based on TAM and UTAUT frameworks, it proposed a model with eight factors affecting students’ “Intention to Use AI.” Linear regression analysis indicated that these factors explained 34.8% of the variance (R² = 0.348). “Perceived Usefulness” (PU) had the strongest effect (β = 0.458, p < 0.001), followed by “Perceived Ease of Use” (PEOU, β = 0.116), “Institutional and Instructor Support” (IIS, β = 0.125), “Concern about Accuracy” (CAA, β = 0.135), and “Self-Regulated Learning” (SRL, β = 0.133). “Social Influence”, “Trust in AI”, and “Attitude” were not significant (p > 0.05). The study highlights the importance of institutional AI policies and recommends fostering students’ critical thinking to prevent over-reliance on AI.