Temporal characteristics of the eye movements

Abstract

Five experiments on motility of eyes were performed. (1) Choice reaction time of the fixative eye movements to the equi-distant neon lamps did not comfirm the Hick's law. RT to the vertical stimulus was longer than that to the horizontal one. (Fig. 2, 3, 4). (2) RT to second peripheral stimulus lit within 300 msec was delayed than the first RT (Tab. 1). (3) Ss could not fixate the eyes without delay on a pair of alternatively lit neon lamps or Nixies, if they were lit for less than 300 msec. The eye movement was the more displayed when the displayed numerals were to be read(Fig. 5, Tab.2). (4) When more than 3.5 objects passed in front Ss per second in an experimental inspection task, Ss could not inspect them completely. (Tab. 4). (5) The frequency of saccadic movements of inspectors in a steel factory was always about 3.5 times per second at various conveyer speed of steel plate (Fig.6). It may be suggested that frequency of intentional movements was limited to about 3 times per second. •´ ˜^:E.O.G.-@ ‚É ‚ae ‚èŠá‹… ‰^ "®‚ÉŠÖ‚· ‚éOE¤ ‹ † ‚ð•s ‚Á ‚½.OE‹ ‰Ê ‚Í ŽŸ‚Ì 'Ê ‚è‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½.(1)Žü •ÓŽ‹-ì ‚Ì Ž‹ŠoŽhOE• ‚É'Î ‚· ‚é,Šá ‹… ‰^ "®‚Ì 'I 'ð "½‰ž ŽžŠÔ‚ð'ª 'è ‚µ‚½(•}2,3). ‚» ‚Ì Žž‚Ì "½‰ž ŽžŠÔ‚ÍHich‚Ì-@ '¥ ‚É•] ‚í ‚È‚©‚Á‚½.'¦ ‚¿ 'I 'ð •" ‚ª '• 'å ‚µ‚Ä‚à"½‰ž ŽžŠÔ‚Í 'å ‚AE ‚È ‚ç ‚È‚©‚Á‚½.(2)•Ú ‹ß ‚µ‚½ŽžŠÔŠÔŠu‚ÅOEp Žž"I ‚É2OEÂ‚Ì Ž‹ŠoŽhOE•‚É"½‰ž‚µ‚È‚¯ ‚ê ‚Î ‚È ‚ç‚È‚¢ ‚AE‚«,'ae2‚Ì "½‰ž ŽžŠÔ‚Í 'ae1‚É "ä Šr ‚µ‚Ä, ŽžŠÔŠÔŠu‚ª300msec.ˆÈ ‰º‚Ì ‚AE‚«'• 'å ‚µ‚½.(3)OEð OEÝ ‚É"_ "" ‚· ‚éOEõŽhOE•-"‚Í •"Žš(•" Žš•\ Ž¦ ŠÇ‚É ‚ae‚é)‚ð OEð OEÝ ‚ÉOEÅ Ž‹ ‚· ‚é ‚AE‚«,Še300msec.ˆÈ ‰º ‚Ì "_"" ŽžŠÔ‚Ì •ê • ‡ ‚Å‚Í OEõ "_ ‚ð 'Ç‚Á‚Ä‹ÃŽ‹•o-ˆ ‚¸‚¨‚‚¸‚¨‚¸‚¨‚-‚ê ‚ª • ¶ ‚ ¶‚½(•}5)."¯-l‚É ‚µ‚Ä•" Žš•\ ŽåŠÇ‚Å•" Žš ‚ð"Ç‚Ý‚AE‚点 ‚½‚AE‚«‚Í 'P ‚È ‚é ƒl ƒI ƒ"OEõ‚ð'Ç•] ‚³ ‚¹ ‚½ ‚AE‚«‚ae ‚è‚à ‚í ‚¸‚©‚¨‚‚¸‚©‚¨‚¸‚©‚¨‚-‚ê ‚ª 'å ‚«‚©‚Á‚½ (•}5,•\2).(4)ŽÀ OE± Žº ‚É‚¨‚¢‚É‚¨‚¢ ‚ăx ƒ‹ ƒg•EƒRƒ"ƒx ƒA Ž‹Šo OEŸ •¸ •ì ‹AE‚Ì ŽÀ OE± ‚ð•s ‚Á‚½.OEŸ•¸ 'Î •Û‚ª1•b ŠÔ3.5OEÂˆÈ•ã ‚Ì '¬"x ‚Å-¬ ‚ê ‚½Žž‚Í OEŸ •¸ •¸ "x‚ª 'á ‰º‚µ‚½(•\3).(4)•H •ê OE» •ê ‚Å•| "Â‚Ì ƒxƒ‹ ƒg•EƒRƒ"ƒx ƒA ‚É ‚ae‚éOEŸ •¸ •ì ‹AE‚Ì Šá‹… ‰^ "®‚ð'ª 'è ‚µ‚½.1•b ‚ ‚½ ‚è‚Ì Šá‹… ‰^ "®‚Í ƒxƒ‹ ƒg•EƒRƒ"ƒx ƒA‚Ì '¬ "x‚¢ ‚©‚ñ ‚É‚© ‚© ‚í ‚ç ‚¸1•b ŠÔ-ñ3.5‰ñ ‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½ (•}6). ˆÈ•ã ‚Ì OE‹‰Ê ‚©‚çˆÓŽu"I ‚É"ò‰z "I ‚ÉŠá‹…‚ð"®‚©‚· ‚AE‚«‚Í 1•b ŠÔ‚É3‰ñ'OOEオ ‰^ "®‚Ì OEÀ "x ‚AE •l ‚¦ ‚ç‚ê ‚é. 1.•˜ Šá‹… ‰^ "®‚Ì 'ª 'è ‚Í ‹ß "N•· ‚ñ ‚É•l ŠÔ •HŠw‹y ‚Ñ•S-•Šw‚Ì •ª-ì ‚Å-˜-p ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚«‚¾.-ð Žj "I ‚ÉOE© ‚é ‚AE Šá‹… ‰^ "®‚Ì OE¤‹ † ‚Ì *ŽY ‹AE•HOE|ŽŽOE± •Š ŽÀ OE± •S-• OE¤ ‹ † Žº ,Experimental Psychology Lab.,Industrial ArtsInstitute. •‰ Šú‚Í "Ç•' ‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚ÉŠÖ‚· ‚é ‚à ‚Ì ‚ª "ñ•í ‚É'½‚¢(Tinker 1958).ŠˆŽš ŠˆŽš ‚Ì 'å ‚«‚³ OE^,Ž † Ž¿"™‚Ì •¨-•"I •ðOE•‚¨‚ae‚Ñ‚¨‚ae‚Ñ"Ç ŽÒ ‚Ì 'm"\,Šw-Í "™‚É‚ae‚é"Ç•' "\-Í ‚Ì Žw •W‚AE‚µ‚Ä-p ‚¢ ‚ç‚ê ‚½.‹ß "N‚Í,ƒOE •[ ƒ_•[,•q ‹ó OEv Ší ‚Ì "z-ñ,ƒ_ ƒCƒA ƒ‹ ƒf ƒU ƒCƒ""™‚É,"Ç •' ‚AE "¯-l ‚Ì OE¤‹ † ‚ª •s ‚È‚í ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é.‚± ‚Ì ‚ae ‚¤‚È•l ŠÔ •HŠw‚Ö‚Ì Šá‹… ‰^ "®‚Ì-˜-p ‚Í,Šá ‹… ‰^ "®‚ª ŽŸ ‚Ì ‚ae ‚¤‚È•î •ñ ‚ð 'ñ ‹Ÿ ‚µ‚Ä‚-‚ê ‚é‚©‚ç•s ‚È‚í ‚ê ‚é ‚Ì ‚Å‚ ‚é.‚· ‚È‚í ‚¿,"í OE± ŽÒ‚ª "Þ ‚Ì ‹ó ŠÔ‚Ì ‚È‚©‚Ì ‚Ç‚± ‚ð OE© ‚Â‚ß ‚½‚©, Šá‹… ‰^ "® ‚ÌŽž ŠÔ "Á •«29