Nano-emulsion Formulation of Lambda - Cyhalothrin Preparation Technique, Characterization, and Larvicidal Activity

Abstract

Conventional pesticide formulations are addressed along with several issues connected to environmental pollution. Lipophilic properties and resistance solubility in the water phase led to low-effective pesticide utilization. In order to improve pesticide solubility and efficacy and reduce the dose and side effects, nanotechnology approaches are applied. The efforts and chances to develop nanoemulsions as preparation for agriculture chemicals have been the issues of heavy investigation. The lambda- cyhalothrin-loaded nano-delivery system was developed, using Tween 80 as a hydrophobic surfactant through a solvent evaporation method. The novel compound of lambda-cyhalothrin has unique chemical, physical, and biological properties. The recorded properties of lambda-cyhalothrin nano-emulsion showed spherical particles having an average size of 70.3 nm using transmission electron microscopy. Dynamic light scattering-Zetasizer-reached 77.51 nm and Zeta potential has a negative surface charge value of -17.8 mV. Lambda-cyhalothrin and lambda-cyhalothrin nano-emulsion showed a strong absorption band at different wavelengths. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the addition of new bonds in the lambda-cyhalothrin nano-emulsion compound. Larvicidal activity indicated a significant difference between the mortality means in the larvae of Culex pipiens. The produced lambda-cyhalothrin nano-emulsion has a new hydrophilic attendance and better efficacy for pest control resulting in promising nano-pesticide formulations to improve agricultural practice.