A comprehensive review: Heavy metals pollution sources, effects in Indus River and strategy how to improve of heavy metals pollution

Abstract

Contamination of heavy metals have permeated several parts of the world, exclusively emerging nations like as Pakistan Aquatic life requirements appropriate harmless environment for the existence of normal life. The Indus River approximately 300 kilometer long and stays one of the prime and the most significant river system of Asia and largely flows through Pakistan towards the western brim of the land mass India and Pakistan. Indus River is providing life nourishment to agriculture and environment for the Pakistani peoples. In the circumstance of heavy metal contamination, disturbance happens and deteriorations the aquatic flora and fauna. Anthropogenic actions have caused vital alterations in aquatic surroundings throughout the previous eras. Progression of anthropological civilization has set solemn questions to the nontoxic usage of the river water for domestic and other consumptions purpose. Toxicity of heavy metals inflowing in the environment can central to accumulation of organic tissue of organism. Heavy metals exposure have been associated to developmental retardation, allergy and damage of kidney, respiratory diseases, severe types of cancer, heart diseases, blood pressure abnormality and even death in illustrations of identical high exposure. This review article presents the results of the work accomplished through the many scientists in the past on the pollution of heavy metals in the Indus River.