Italian version of the Rasch-Built Overall Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Disability Scale (ROADS): validation and longitudinal performance

Abstract

Objective: To validate an Italian version of the Rasch-Built Overall ALS Disability Scale (ROADS) in a broad population of patients and assess its longitudinal performance over time. Methods: 270 ALS patients referring to the Motor Neuron Disease Clinic of the University of Padova and Modena (Italy) accepted to compile the Italian version of the ROADS and results were correlated with the ALSFRSr and ALSAQ-40 scores, FVC values, and creatinine or albumin blood levels. To verify test–retest reliability, patients were asked to fill in a second copy of the scale within 5–7 days. Thirty-nine patients compiled a further copy of questionnaire during the follow up visit (after 133 days on average) which allowed us a longitudinal assessment of the scale. Results: We found a good external construct validity between ROADS and either ALSFRS-R (correlation coefficient = 0.85) or ALSAQ-40 (correlation coefficient = − 0.84). Test–retest reliability was excellent with a concordance-correlation coefficient of 0.93. Yet, we observed a significant correlation between changes over time of the ROADS normalised sum score (− 2.18 point loss per month) and those of both the ALSFRS-R (positive correlation; Rho = 0.64, p ≤ 0.0001) or the ALSAQ-40 (negative correlation; Rho = − 0.60, p = 0.014). Conclusions: The Italian version of ROADS proved to be a reliable marker to monitor overall disability in ALS patients. Further studies are necessary to assess its longitudinal performance.