Lessons in Sustainable Mariculture

Abstract

The Philippines has long been recognized as a center of marine biodiversity, hence, rich in marine resources. However, fisheries production has been declining in recent years. On the other hand, aquaculture now contributes about half of the total fisheries production. Notably, production from marine pens and cages (mostly milkfish) has increased dramatically in the last two decades. Mariculture areas are designed for production of marine fishes through sea cage culture, farming of seaweeds, mussels and oysters, sea ranching of abalone, aquasilviculture, and others that may be developed through continuing R&D programs. Much discussion has focused on how to achieve sustainability in aquaculture. Concerns are related to the expansion and intensification of aquaculture including its impact on the environment, outbreaks of diseases, sustainability of supply of seed, feed ingredients and feeding practices, and competition for coastal space.