Bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in various body fluids –A retrospective study

Abstract

Introduction: Several bacteria like E.Coli, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas etc cause infections in various body fluids. Infections of the body fluids are mostly a medical emergency and may be life threatening if not managed timely. Very limited data are available about the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing infection of body fluids. This retrospective study was undertaken between January to October 2019 in the Microbiology department of our diagnostic centre with the aim of identifying the bacteria causing infection of various body fluids and also to study their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out on 216 patients of all ages and both sexes registered for culture and sensitivity of different body fluids in the Microbiology department of our diagnostic centre between January to October 2019. The fluids included in the study were CSF, pleural, peritoneal, amniotic, ascitic, vitreous, synovial, aqueous, BAL fluid, bile fluid, semen, drain fluids from surgical sites, Endotracheal secretions and cystic fluids from breast, ovary and other sites. Results: Male to female ratio was 2.17:1. The most common body fluid was cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 31.02%, Klebsiella sps (22.9%) was the most frequently isolated bacteria, followed by Pseudomonas (21.3%), Acinetobacter (13.11%), Citrobacter (11.9%), E.Coli (8.19%), Stap. Aureus (8.19%), Enterococcus (4.91%), Stenotrophomonas (3.25), Candida sps (3.21%), Burkholderia and Proteus (1.63%) each. Gram positive bacteria were grown in 13.11% cases and 83.62% showed growth of Gram negative bacilli. Conclusion: Regular monitoring and surveillance of organisms causing infection of body fluids is required for formulating an antibiotic and infection control policy so as to guide the clinicians in choosing appropriate antibiotics before a culture report is available thus preventing the development of antimicrobial resistance.