Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Selected Raw-Consumed Vegetables in West Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Raw-consumed vegetables, known as lalapan, is famous among Sundanese community in West Java because of their heath benefits. In the present study, nine selected raw-consumed vegetables, namely Vigna unguiculata, Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Etlingera elatior, Abelmoschus esculentus, Oenanthe javanica, Centella asiatica, Pluchea indica and Pilea trinervia were screened for their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. Antibacterial activity test were conducting using disc diffusion method against Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae. Whereas, the cytotoxic activity were examined using WST assay against lung cancer cell line A549. For the antibacterial activity, this study finds that Ocimum tenuiflorum, Etlingera elatior and Pluchea indica have highest inhibition zone against tested bacteria. Furthemore, the results of the cytotoxicity assay indicated that among the nine plants tested, five plants showed IC50 < 20 μg/mL, including Vigna unguiculata, Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn, Etlingera elatior, Centella asiatica and Pilea trinervia with the IC50 value 13.71 μg/mL, 7.43 μg/mL, 12.45 μg/mL, 5.51 μg/mL and 18.84 μg/mL respectively.