Etiology and pathogenesis of burn anemia. The role of the blood transfusion in the treatment of patients with burns

Abstract

The presented data of domestic and foreign literature reveal the etiology and pathogenesis of burn anemia caused by the development of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) and blood loss. Manifestations of SIR are characterized by a decrease in the areas of erythropoiesis, inadequate reaction to endogenous and exogenous erythropoietin, a decrease in serum iron, the death of erythrocytes as a result of endogenous intoxication, the development of DIC syndrome, thermal and non-immune hemolysis of erythrocytes, and severe metabolic disturbances. Developing burn anemia progresses as a result of hemorrhage with multiple dressings and operations, as well as bleeding in patients with erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Domestic and foreign experience with blood transfusions in the past century indicates the need for blood transfusions during the development of moderate severity of anemia (hemoglobin less than 90 g/l), burn patients, which will increase the effectiveness of treatment, reduce the time of hospital stay and expenses.