Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has proven clinically beneficial against B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, suboptimal clinical outcomes have been associated with decreased expansion and persistence of adoptively transferred CAR T cells, antigen-negative relapses, and impairment by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Improvements in CAR T cell design are required to enhance clinical efficacy, as well as broaden the applicability of this technology. Here, we demonstrate that interleukin-18 (IL-18)-secreting CAR T cells exhibit enhanced in vivo expansion and persistence and significantly increase long-term survival in syngeneic mouse models of both hematological and solid malignancies. In addition, we demonstrate that IL-18-secreting CAR T cells are capable of modulating the tumor microenvironment, as well as enhancing an effective endogenous anti-tumor immune response. IL-18-secreting CAR T cells represent a promising strategy to enhance the clinical outcomes of adoptive T cell therapy. Avanzi et al. generate CAR T cells that secrete IL-18 and show improved activity in syngeneic hematologic and solid tumor models without prior preconditioning. They further show enhanced recruitment and anti-tumor activity of endogenous T cells.
CITATION STYLE
Avanzi, M. P., Yeku, O., Li, X., Wijewarnasuriya, D. P., van Leeuwen, D. G., Cheung, K., … Brentjens, R. J. (2018). Engineered Tumor-Targeted T Cells Mediate Enhanced Anti-Tumor Efficacy Both Directly and through Activation of the Endogenous Immune System. Cell Reports, 23(7), 2130–2141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.051
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