A Distributed Multi-Microgrid Cooperative Energy Sharing Strategy Based on Nash Bargaining

Abstract

With the rapid development of energy transformation, the proportion of new energy is increasing, and the efficient trading mechanism of multi-microgrids can realize energy sharing to improve the consumption rate of new energy. A distributed multi-microgrid cooperative energy sharing strategy is proposed based on Nash bargaining. Firstly, by comprehensively considering the adjustable heat-to-electrical ratio, ladder-type positive and negative carbon trading, peak–valley electricity price and demand response, a multi-microgrid system with wind–solar-storage-load and combined heat and power is constructed. Then, a multi-microgrid cooperative game optimization framework is established based on Nash bargaining, and the complex nonlinear problem is decomposed into two stages to be solved. In the first stage, the cost minimization problem of multi-microgrids is solved based on the alternating direction multiplier method to maximize consumption rate and protect privacy. In the second stage, through the established contribution quantification model, Nash bargaining theory is used to fairly distribute the benefits of cooperation. The simulation results of three typical microgrids verify that the proposed strategy has good convergence properties and computational efficiency. Compared with the independent operation, the proposed strategy reduces the cost by 41% and the carbon emission by 18,490 kg, thus realizing low-carbon operation and optimal economic dispatch. Meanwhile, the power supply pressure of the main grid is reduced through energy interaction, thus improving the utilization rate of renewable energy.