Rapid transient changes in northeast Atlantic deep water ventilation age across Termination I

Abstract

A sequence of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates performed on benthic and planktonic foraminifera from a northeast Atlantic deep-sea core (MD99-2334K; 37°48′N, 10°10′W; 3146 m) permit the reconstruction of deep water "14C ventilation ages" across the last deglaciation. The records from MD99-2334K have been placed on the GISP2 timescale via the synchrony of temperature changes recorded in the Greenland ice cores and in North Atlantic planktonic δ18Occ (calcite δ18O). On the basis of a range of estimates for past source water Δ14C, this permits the estimation of 14C projection ventilation ages for comparison with benthic-planktonic 14C age differences. Although the accurate estimation of past ventilation ages is precluded by unknown deep water Δ14C source signatures, and by uncertainty regarding the extent of deep water mixing, it is clear that deep water ventilation in the northeast Atlantic was significantly reduced during the last glaciation, increased abruptly coincident with the Bolling-Allerød warming, and rapidly became reduced again during the Younger Dryas cold reversal. The character of these changes is consistent with a varying 'dominance of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) versus Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Parallel benthic δ13C, deep water temperature (Tdw), and deep water δ18O (δ18 Odw) estimates support this inference. The fact that deglacial changes in the deep water radiocarbon content of the northeast Atlantic run parallel to opposite changes in atmospheric radiocarbon content, and in parallel with Greenland temperature fluctuations, unequivocally implicates changes in ocean circulation in deglacial climate evolution and illustrates the capacity for the deep ocean to respond and contribute to abrupt climate change. Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.