The (De)Politicisation of Work – An Inquiry into the Political Function of Work

  • Lopes H
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Abstract

The paper revisits the debate on the political function of work, defined as the contribution of work to the production and transformation of social relations, in both conceptual and empirical terms. It begins by briefly recalling the terms of the debate about the emancipatory potential of work as seen by Karl Marx and Hannah Arendt, and then proceeds to argue, contra Arendt, that since work is a collective and cooperative activity, it is not a-political. The major contribution of the paper consists of discussing the issue by critically considering the literature on both economic theories of the firm and labour economics, two strands of literature usually kept apart. We regard the quantification and individualisation trends that characterise the contemporary world of work as a de-politicisation process, one linked to the (mainstream) agency theory of the firm which legitimises financialisation. We conclude by outlining a way in which to re-politicise work and the firm.Este artigo revisita o debate sobre a função política do trabalho, definido como o contributo do trabalho para a produção e transformação de relações sociais, tanto em termos conceituais como em termos empíricos. Inicia-se com um breve relance dos termos do debate sobre o potencial emancipatório do trabalho, conforme perspetivado por Karl Marx e Hannah Arendt, argumentando de seguida, contra Arendt que, como o trabalho é uma atividade coletiva e cooperativa, ele não é apolítico. O principal contributo do artigo consiste em discutir a questão através de uma abordagem crítica da literatura sobre as teorias económicas da empresa e sobre a economia do trabalho, duas vertentes da literatura geralmente mantidas separadas. Consideramos as tendências de quantificação e individualização que caracterizam o mundo do trabalho contemporâneo como um processo de despolitização, processo ligado à teoria da agência, uma teoria da empresa que legitima a financiarização. Concluímos delineando uma forma de repolitizar o trabalho e a empresa.Cet article revisite le débat sur la fonction politique du travail, définie comme une contribution du travail à la production et à la transformation de rapports sociaux, débat mené tant en termes conceptuels qu’en termes empiriques. Nous commençons par brièvement rappeler les termes du débat sur le potentiel émancipatoire du travail, selon Karl Marx, potentiel que Hannah Arendt dénie. Contra Arendt, nous soutenons que, comme le travail est une activité collective et coopérative, il n’est pas apolitique. La principale contribution de cet article est de débattre cette question à travers une approche critique de la littérature sur les théories économiques de l’entreprise et sur l’économie du travail, deux volets généralement maintenus séparés dans la littérature économique. Les tendances de quantification et d’individualisation qui caractérisent le monde du travail contemporain constituent, selon nous, un processus de dépolitisation, processus lié à la théorie de l’agence de l’entreprise qui légitime la financiarisation. En guise de conclusion, nous traçons les pourtours de ce qui pourrait être une façon de repolitiser le travail et l’entreprise.

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APA

Lopes, H. (2019). The (De)Politicisation of Work – An Inquiry into the Political Function of Work. Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais, 119, 149–170. https://doi.org/10.4000/rccs.9276

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