Antibiogram and detection of mecA gene among MRSA at Specialist Hospital Sokoto

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become more widespread all over the world and it is important to determine methicillin resistance genes in different regions. The major goals of this work were to identify the mec-A gene related with MRSA and to assess the antibiogram of clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methods: Using normal microbiological techniques, 30 clinical Staphylococcal isolates from various specimens were processed to isolate S. aureus. The antibiotic susceptibility test was completed using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method in accordance with EUCAST criteria. Cefoxitin (30 g) discs were used to screen for MRSA isolates, and the standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the mec-A gene. Results: Staphylococcus aureus predominance was 66.6 percent (n = 20) among the 30 bacterial growths. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prevalence was 100% (n = 20), and multidrug resistance was present in 85% (17/20) of the cases (MDR). The majority of the S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin (95.2%), cefoxitin (100%), tigecycline (60%) and the combination antibiotics quinipristin-dalfopristin (50%) as well as tobramycin (30) and trimethoprim-methotrexate (20). The results of the PCR show that four out of the twelve isolates analyzed were mecA gene. Conclusion: Without taking antibiotic resistance into account and avoiding antibiotic use, fighting these superbugs won't be achievable. This might quickly escalate into an unmanageable situation. According to this study, MRSA is more common than previously believed and about 80% of isolates are multidrug resistant.