Modelling and Simulation/Optimisation of Austria’s National Multi‐Energy System with a High Degree of Spatial and Temporal Resolution

Abstract

The European Union and the Austrian government have set ambitious plans to expand renewable energy sources and lower carbon dioxide emissions. However, the expansion of volatile renewable energy sources may affect today’s energy system. To investigate future challenges in Austria’s energy system, a suitable simulation methodology, i.e., temporal and spatially resolved generation and consumption data and energy grid depiction, is necessary. In this paper, we intro-duce a flexible multi‐energy simulation framework with optimization capabilities that can be applied to a broad range of use cases. Furthermore, it is shown how a spatially and temporally resolved multi‐energy system model can be set up on a national scale. To consider actual infrastructure prop-erties, a detailed energy grid depiction is considered. Three scenarios assess the potential future energy system of Austria, focusing on the power grid, based on the government’s renewable energy sources expansion targets in the year 2030. Results show that the overwhelming majority of line overloads accrue in Austria’s power distribution grid. Furthermore, the mode of operation of flexible consumer and generation also affects the number of line overloads as well.