Metrology on flying platforms: A metrological priority program Messtechnik auf fliegenden Plattformen Ein Messtechnik-Schwerpunktprogramm

Abstract

As William Thomson said, "to measure is to know"- advances in measurement technology drive social progress: digital cameras enable bank transfers, atomic clocks in satellites enable precise navigation, magnetic resonance imaging provides non-invasive insights into the body, and laser measuring sticks enable contactless length measurements. Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAV) as mobile measuring platforms represent a paradigm shift. Until now, image data has mostly provided only qualitative information, often supported by AI. However, quantitative measurements with known uncertainties are necessary to make statements about the structural integrity of bridges or wind turbines. Therefore, a priority program aims to understand the mechanisms of action of active measurement systems (i.e. exciting the measurement object) and sensor systems on flying platforms. It investigates which laboratory measurement principles can be transferred to UAVs despite limitations of weight, space, energy, and time, and what measurement quality can be achieved. To this end, new measurement principles, sensor technology, signal and communication methods, and the analysis of measurement uncertainties are being researched. Depending on the quantity being measured, the projects are divided into the four application areas: a) geometry, b) position, vibrations and acoustics, c) solids and fluids, d) gases and particles. The results will reveal the previously untapped potential of UAV-based measurement systems, provide quantitative data with valid uncertainties, and thus improve safety of humans, mobility and energy infrastructure as well as environmental monitoring, raw material localization, and groundwater assessment.