Measurement of psycho-emotional constructs and self-management in health of patients with cancer

  • Souza E
  • Lima A
  • Almeida-Neto O
  • et al.
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Abstract

The present study aimed measure self-esteem, anxiety and depression and activation scores in individuals with cancer; compare these scores according to whether or not chemotherapy was performed and verify the influence of these constructs in the self-management in health. This study is a Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, performed at the outpatient clinic of a school hospital. The instrument was answered by adult patients, diagnosed with cancer for at least 6 months and in outpatient follow-up. We used the Pearson correlation test and the Student t test in order to evaluate the variables of interest. The level of significance was 0.05. Seventy patients participated in the study; forty six of them were women. The average age was 50.17 years (SD = 11.26) and the average of the education level in years was 8.27 (SD = 3.73). The most prevalent cancer was the breast cancer. The average score obtained by the instruments were: 32.71 (SD = 4.64) for self-esteem; 6.07 (SD = 3.84) for anxiety; 4.90 (SD = 3.76) for depression and 64.24 (SD = 15.21) for activation. We observed weak correlations of these constructs with activation (p <0.05) and that the use of chemotherapy did not interfere with the score of these measures (p> 0.05). The education level presented a weak correlation with the measure of activation (r = 0.240, p <0.05), and comorbidities presented weak correlation with the measure of self-esteem (r = -0.274, p <0.05). In conclusion, the cancer patients presented high self-esteem, low anxiety and depression symptoms and high activation. There is a weak relationship between measures evaluated and the self-management in health.O presente estudo objetivou mensurar os escores de autoestima, ansiedade e depressão e de ativação em indivíduos com câncer, comparar esses escores segundo a realização ou não de quimioterapia e verificar ainfluência desses constructos na autogestão em saúde. É um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado noambulatório de um hospital Universitário. Pacientes adultos, com diagnóstico de câncer, há pelo menos 6 meses e em acompanhamento ambulatorial, responderam os Instrumentos. Utilizamos testes de correlação de Pearson e t de student para avaliar as variáveis de interesse. Nível de significância de 0,05. Participaram 70 pacientes, sendo 46 mulheres. A idade média foi 50,17 anos (DP=11,26) e o tempo médio de escolaridade foi 8,27 anos (DP=3,73). O tipo de câncer mais prevalente foi o de mama. Os escores médios obtidos pelos instrumentos foram: 32,71 (DP=4,64) para autoestima, 6,07 (DP=3,84) para ansiedade, 4,90 (DP=3,76) para depressão e de 64,24 (DP=15,21) para ativação. Verificamos correlações fracas desses constructos com ativação (p<0,05) e que a realização ou não de quimioterapia não interferiu com as pontuações dessas medidas (p>0,05). A escolaridade apresentou correlação fraca com a medida de ativação (r=0,240, p<0,05), e o número de comorbidades apresentou correlação de magnitude fraca com a medida de autoestima (r= -0,274, p<0,05). Concluímos que os pacientes com câncer apresentaram autoestima elevada, sintomas de ansiedade e depressão baixos e ativação elevado. Há uma relação fraca entre as medidas avaliadas com a autogestão em saúde.

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Souza, E. M. de, Lima, A. D. S., Almeida-Neto, O. P. de, Garcia, F. S. e S., & Cunha, C. M. (2018). Measurement of psycho-emotional constructs and self-management in health of patients with cancer. Bioscience Journal, 34(2), 423–434. https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v34n2a2018-39074

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