Thrombosis prevention and treatment in oncology patients employed in hazardous occupations

Abstract

Relevance. Neoplasms tend to increase among the firemen and military personnel, according to their medical and statistical indicators. People with hazardous occupation are at high risk of malignancies. Thus, the issues of diagnostics, prophylaxis and treatment of oncology diseases and their thrombotic complications are of essential importance for this category of patients. Intention. To analyze the literature data on the role of hemostatic system disorders, possible ways of prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic complications in case of oncology diseases. Results. Thrombotic complications affect negatively the antineoplastic therapy outcomes and become one of the leading death causes. The thrombosis in oncology patients 30-fold increases death risk due to the fatal thromboembolism and more aggressive neoplastic process. Hemostasis system disorders are caused both by neoplasms and their treatment. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is considered a basis for thromboembolism prevention in oncology patients. LMWH decreases effectively the venous thromboses after surgery and during chemotherapy. Direct oral anticoagulants are promising medications for oral administration; they are indicated for patients with tumor-associated thromboses in case of a low bleed risk and absence of drug interactions with system chemotherapy.