Influence of alkali treatment on physical-mechanical properties of mallow fiber/BOPP composites

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of alkaline treatment on mallow fibers used as reinforcement in bi-axially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) waste composites. Fibers were treated with a 5% NaOH solution and characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, and tensile testing. Composites were fabricated with both untreated and treated fibers, and their physical, thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties were evaluated. XRD analysis revealed an increase in crystallinity index after treatment, correlating with enhanced breaking stress in treated fibers. Composites with treated fibers exhibited significantly reduced thickness swelling and water absorption, indicating improved fiber-matrix compatibility. SEM micrographs confirmed enhanced fiber-matrix adhesion in composites using treated fibers. Overall, the results demonstrate that alkali treatment significantly improves the properties of mallow fiber/BOPP composites, promoting their use as sustainable and eco-friendly materials. This research highlights the potential of valorizing agricultural waste and recycled plastics for the development of high-performance composites.