Dengue Fever: Clinical Spectrum, And Management

Abstract

Dengue fever a vector borne disease also transmitted via infected blood products and organ donation. Mainly prevalent in Southeast Asia, now has spread to other countries. Worldwide cost of dengue is estimated US 9 billion. There are five strains (serotypes) of the virus, distinction between serotypes are based on the antigenicity. The course of disease is divided into three phases,febrile, critical, and recovery. The critical phase may proceed to organ dysfunction,severe bleeding and dengue shock-syndrome, and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Diagnosis is made clinically on the reported symptoms, physical examination, with low white blood cell count, low platelet and metabolic acidosis. Treatment depends on symptoms, and maintaining fluid balance is important. Blood transfusion is initiated early in individuals with unstable vital signs. NSAIDS such as ibuprofen and aspirins are avoided, as they might aggravate the risk of bleeding. Prevention by controlling A.aegypti is by eliminating its habitats. Dengue vaccine (Dengavaxia) is available in many countries. There is an