NANOBIOMATERIALS/BIOINKS BASED SCAFFOLDS IN 3D BIOPRINTING FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING AND ARTIFICIAL HUMAN ORGANS

Abstract

Bioinks are combinations of live cells and biomaterials that are sometimes blended with tissue factor or other biomolecules for the purpose of extrusion if the desired effect is desired. The term “bioprinting” refers to a relatively new method that involves the application or depositing of biomaterial solutions or bioinks in order to produce three-dimensional (3D) constructions that have topologies and mechanical/biological qualities that are similar to those of genuine human tissue or organs. Printed structures are widely used in tissue engineering to heal or repair damaged tissues or organs, as well as in vitro tissue modeling to test and validate newly created medications and vaccinations before being administered to patients. Supporting and directing cell development toward its native surroundings. When it comes to the formation of biological structures, one of the most important challenges is to ensure that specific physicochemical and biological signals are present in a harmonious manner in order to regulate the activity of cells. Additionally, in order to stimulate stem cell differentiation toward certain tissues, exact arrays of stimuli must be established. The introduction of bioactive material with a nanoscale can control the destiny of cells, contributing to their differentiation and enabling the biofabrication of useful structures. Using nano-composite bio-ink, it is possible to create scaffolds that are instructive for cells or cells can be high quality images onto the media. In addition, the addition of nano into 3D printed configurations may make it possible for these structures to be manipulated by a range of external physical stimuli, thereby providing an additional instrument for usage in healthcare applications. With that being said, there is an interest in the development of biological systems that have functionalities such as motion, shape alteration or sensing. In this study, we emphasize how the use of nano-biomaterials in bioprinting techniques results in strategies for tissue regeneration that show promise.