Fisheries and Socio-economic Change in the Thanlwin River Estuary in Mon and Kayin State, Myanmar

Abstract

The Thanlwin or `Salween' River Estuary is well-known in Myanmar for its rich fishery and wide range of fishes. This chapter focuses on community fishery livelihoods in this estuary, exploring the transformation of riparian communities in Mon and Kayin State. The research presented in this chapter was conducted through interviews, focus groups, and household surveys across four villages located in the estuary over the period of 2015--2016, and investigates changes to fishers and livelihoods over a ten-year period beginning in 2005. The author presents evidence of fisheries decline and the associated overfishing and environmental changes that have impacted fish habitat and species in the estuary. The author also examines the socio-economic differentiation linked to fishing and other events in the estuary. The chapter concludes with recommendations for improved management and further research.