Organizational Commitment as a Mediator: Exploring the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Job Performance in the Ghanaian Public Sector

Abstract

Public sector organizations in developing countries face significant challenges related to workforce retention, job satisfaction, and performance, particularly in Ghana, where limited resources and economic constraints exacerbate these issues. Addressing these challenges is vital for improving organizational outcomes and ensuring effective delivery of public services. This study explores the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance in Ghana’s public sector, focusing on the mediating role of organizational commitment. Understanding these dynamics is becoming increasingly important as public sector organizations grapple with the complexities of workforce management in resource-constrained environments. A sample of 300 employees was selected through purposive and convenience sampling, with 200 valid responses (66.6% response rate). Data were analyzed using SMART PLS 3.0 and SPSS 22, applying partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the research model and hypotheses. The findings reveal that job satisfaction significantly impacts affective, continuance, and normative commitment. Additionally, continuance and normative commitment positively influence job performance, whereas affective commitment does not. This study underscores the importance of job satisfaction in enhancing job performance through its effect on organizational commitment. To improve workforce outcomes, the study recommends targeted training programs that address skill gaps and increase job satisfaction. Public sector organizations, particularly local governments, should prioritize the implementation of effective job satisfaction strategies to boost employee performance and commitment. This research provides valuable insights into how public sector entities in developing countries like Ghana can foster employee performance through improved organizational commitment.