Sensitivity and specificity of Yubi-wakka (finger-ring) screening method for sarcopenia among older Thai adults

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to validate a Yubi-wakka (finger-ring) test to identify older adults at risk for sarcopenia. Generally, measurements of muscle mass are considered to be a gold standard for testing for sarcopenia; such measurements are typically attained using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, the Yubi-wakka test is a simple assessment that can also be used to screen for sarcopenia. Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Yubi-wakka test. The study cohort included 230 adults older than 60 years who had no disabilities or handicaps and who visited the outpatient department of Phramongkutklao Hospital. Each participant underwent the Yubi-wakka test, a handgrip strength test, the 5-chair stand test, and BIA. We analyzed the associations between the Yubi-wakka test results and sarcopenia. The findings were compared with diagnoses that followed from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Results: The test results were statistically associated with sarcopenia (“just fits” odds ratio [OR]: 8.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.29–22.18, and “smaller” OR: 10.73, 95% CI: 4.31–26.73, relative to “bigger”). The sensitivity and specificity of the Yubi-wakka test in men were 85.7% and 71.2% (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.785, 95% CI: 0.618–0.952), respectively. For women, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 87.5% and 80.8% (AUC: 0.842, 95% CI: 0.764–0.919), respectively. Conclusions: The Yubi-wakka test is a practical way of identifying the risk of sarcopenia among the elderly; it exhibits promising sensitivity and specificity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 263–268.